It is often assumed that certain basic asset management concepts are fully established among the professionals and officials who work in this field. In fact, however, the dissemination of such concepts and their effective application depend on the maturity of the road management processes in each organisation, country or region. The alluded concepts include network-level and project-level management: while there is an undeniably clear understanding of the coverage of each level, the low levels of maturity tend to reflect an incomplete view of the implications of both approaches to asset management processes, especially with regard to network level.